The European Commission Directorate-General for Health and Food Safety (DG SANTE) has commissioned ECORYS Nederland B.V., Technopolis and Spark Legal Network to conduct a study to enhance the implementation of the Cross-Border Healthcare Directive 2011/24/EU to ensure patient rights in the EU. One of the aims of the study is to develop Guiding Principles that will serve as a recommendation for streamlining and simplifying prior-authorisation (PA) systems across Member States (MS). For that purpose, data was collected and analysed to answer the following two research questions: 1. How is prior-authorisation applied in the Member States and EEA EFTA countries? 2. What are the underlying reasons for the different prior-authorisation approaches in the Member States and EEA EFTA countries? This report presents the answers to these research questions and served as background information for the virtual workshops organised on 11 and 12 March 2021. The aim of these workshops was to validate and discuss the presented results, as well as to have an exploratory interactive discussion on how to streamline and simplify PA across MS. After the workshop was conducted, a separate workshop report was shared with the participants. The current analytical paper was updated with the most important insights and reflections that were discussed during the workshop.